Healthcare decision makers are often faced with the need to select therapeutic ``interventions`` from multiple treatment options, including biopharmaceuticals, medical devices, and healthcare services. However, the benefits and costs of these interventions can range dramatically, and the benefits can be economic, clinical, both, or may include hard to measure costs or benefits the patient experiences directly.
Health economics and outcomes research (HEOR) can help healthcare decision makers to adequately compare and choose among the available options.

Academic research has a significant role to answer to these questions and interact with the new challenges of the healthcare system.
University Research must lead the innovation, support, and benefit all stakeholders (government-payers, industry, organizations and patients) developing knowledge, focusing on model building, providing state of the art statistical analysis of data and so on.